ABSTRACT The project ‘One Health in the Pantanal: society’s participation in the emergency surveillance of zoonoses emergency as a post-fire effect in the territory and the formation of integrated strategies’ aimed to integrate institutional representations and local society; expand the use of Wildlife Health Information System (SISS-Geo) for fauna monitoring; identify priority areas for zoonosis surveillance and build paths involving One Health (OH). A webinar was held, highlighting the need for broader events with the participation of leaders in each of the chosen territories. Seminars and workshops were held in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), with the participation of health service managers from the Province of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, and Mato Grosso. The representation of different segments at the events enabled the articulation of citizens and local managers. In traditional communities, it was possible to address the impacts of the fires and provide the opportunity for these people to express their health priorities and demands, before and after the fires. The Synthesis Workshop held in Corumbá, MS allowed the feedback of results and integration with representatives from different institutions in Brazil and Bolivia, and prospecting and prioritization of illnesses to be incorporated into the OH model for the Pantanal and western border of Brazil.

RESUMO O projeto ‘Saúde Única no Pantanal: participação da sociedade na vigilância de emergência de zoonoses como efeito pós-incêndios no território e formação de estratégias integradas’ objetivou integrar representações institucionais e da sociedade local; ampliar o uso do Sistema de Informação em Saúde Silvestre (SISS-Geo) para o monitoramento da fauna; identificar áreas prioritárias para vigilância de zoonoses e construir caminhos envolvendo a Saúde Única (SU). Realizou webinário, apontando a necessidade de eventos mais amplos com a participação de lideranças em cada um dos territórios escolhidos. Foram executados seminários e oficinas nos estados de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), com a participação de gestores do serviço de saúde da Província de Santa Cruz, Bolívia, e de Mato Grosso. A representatividade dos diferentes segmentos nos eventos possibilitou a articulação de cidadãos e gestores locais. Nas comunidades tradicionais, foi possível abordar os impactos dos incêndios e dar oportunidade para que essas pessoas manifestassem suas prioridades e demandas de saúde, antes e depois dos incêndios. A Oficina Síntese realizada em Corumbá, MS possibilitou a devolutiva dos resultados e a integração com representantes de diferentes instituições do Brasil e da Bolívia, além da prospecção e priorização de enfermidades a serem incorporadas em modelo de SU para o Pantanal e fronteira oeste do Brasil.

RESUMO: O estudo foi conduzido para avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de novilhas Nelore, não imunizadas para herpesvirus bovino tipo 1 (BHV-1), vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) e leptospirose bovina (LB), submetidas a diferentes protocolos vacinais em manejo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) e repasse com touro em monta natural. Um total de 763 animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: T1 - controle sem vacinação; T2 - vacinação contra LB; T3 - vacinação contra BHV-1 e BVDV T4 - vacinação com LB+ BHV-1 e BVDV. A vacinação foi iniciada 30 dias antes da IATF (D-40) com a aplicação da segunda dose em D-10. Verificou-se a taxa de ocorrência de infecção natural por LB, BHV-1 e BVDV realizando-se exames sorológicos. O diagnóstico de gestação inicial foi feito aos 30, 60 e 120 dias. Avaliou-se as taxas de prenhez em função dos grupos, do peso, escore de condição corporal, presença ou ausência de cio, inseminador, touro, ocorrência de abortos ou morte embrionária. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que soropositividade para leptospirose foi de 100% para todos os grupos, variando de 77,0% a 94,0% para BHV-1 e 64,0% a 87,0% para BVDV. O protocolo vacinal não interferiu na taxa de prenhez, de mortalidade embrionária ou fetal. Houve diferença na taxa de prenhez em relação ao peso dos animais no início da estação reprodutiva e a presença de cio no momento da IATF. Concluiu-se que o protocolo vacinal não interferiu no desempenho reprodutivo dos grupos experimentais.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the reproductive performance of Nellore heifers without previous vaccination undergoing fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) and subsequent natural breeding under different vaccination protocols against infectious bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and bovine leptospirosis (BL). A total of 763 animals were included; the group assignment was as follows: T1, control without vaccination; T2, vaccination against BL; T3, vaccination against BHV-1and BVDV; T4,vaccination against combination of BL + BHV-1and BVDV. Vaccination was started 30 days before FTAI (D-40), and a booster dose was administered at D-10. Serological tests were used to verify the occurrence rate of natural infection by BL, BHV-1, and BVDV. Initial pregnancy was diagnosed at D30, D60, and D120 after FTAI. Final pregnancy rates were evaluated by group, weight, body-condition score, occurrence of estrus, inseminator, bull, and occurrence of abortions or embryonic death. In all groups, results indicated seropositivity of 100% for leptospirosis, 77.0-94.0% for BHV-1, and 64.0-87.0% for BVDV. The vaccination protocol was not a significant influencing factor of pregnancy rate and embryonic or fetal mortality; whereas, animal weight at the beginning of the breeding season and presence of estrus at FTAI were significant influencing factors of pregnancy rate. The vaccination protocol had no interference with the reproductive performance of the experimental groups.

Abstract Introduction: The clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease are related to the polymerization of hemoglobin S. The chronic hemolysis caused by this condition often causes the formation of gallstones that can migrate and block the common bile duct leading to acute abdomen. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the profile of patients with sickle cell disease and cholelithiasis. Methods: Patients with sickle cell disease were separated into groups according to the presence or absence of cholelithiasis. Socioepidemiological and clinical characteristics, such as gender, age, use of hydroxyurea and the presence of other hemoglobinopathies were researched in the medical records of patients. Results: A hundred and seven patients with sickle cell anemia were treated at the institution. Of these, 27 (25.2%) had cholelithiasis. The presence of cholelithiasis was higher in the 11–29 age group than in younger than 11 years and over 29 years. No association was found for the presence of cholelithiasis with gender, use of hydroxyurea or type of hemoglobinopathy (hemoglobin SS, hemoglobin SC or sickle beta-thalassemia). Sixteen of the patients had to be submitted to cholecystectomy with 14 of the surgeries being performed by laparoscopy. Complications were observed in three patients and one patient died for reasons unrelated to the surgery. Conclusion: A quarter of patients with sickle cell disease had gallstones, more commonly in the 11- to 29-year age range. Patients should be monitored from childhood to prevent cholelithiasis with preoperative, intra-operative and postoperative care being crucial to reduce the risk of complications in these patients.

Resumo Este estudo comparou a soroprevalência de N. caninum e T. gondii em bovinos Curraleiros ao de outras raças bovinas (Nelore, Girolando, Guzerá e Caracu). Foram utilizadas 119 fêmeas bovinas adultas provenientes de quatro propriedades localizadas nos estados de Goiás e Tocantins e na divisa entre Goiás, Minas Gerais e Bahia. Animais soropositivos para N. caninum foram encontrados em todas as propriedades e o número de Curraleiros reagentes foi significativamente maior em relação aos bovinos Guzerá e Nelore. Também foram identificados anticorpos anti-T. gondii nos animais em todas as propriedades. A prevalência de soropositivos para T. gondii foi semelhante entre Curraleiros e bovinos das raças Nelore, Girolando e Guzerá; entretanto, foi significativamente maior em relação à raça Caracu.

Abstract This study compared the health status of Curraleiro cattle and other breeds (Nellore, Girolando, Guzera, and Caracu) for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis screening against anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, respectively. We used 119 female bovines of Curraleiro, Guzera, Nellore, Caracu, and Girolando breeds from four farms in Goias and Tocantins states and in the border of Goias, Minas Gerais, and Bahia states. All the farms had seropositive bovines for N. caninum. The number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle was significantly higher than the number of Guzera and Nellore cattle. Also, antibodies against toxoplasmosis were found in animals from all properties. There was no significant difference between the number of seropositive Curraleiro cattle and the breeds Nellore, Girolando, and Guzerá; however, it was significantly higher than the number of seropositive animals of Caracu breed.

Resumo O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito da época do ano sobre a biometria testicular e qualidade do sêmen fresco e congelado de touros Pantaneiros. Seis touros foram submetidos, mensalmente, durante um ano, à mensuração testicular e à coleta e congelamento do sêmen, utilizando-se meio à base de tris-gema-glicerol. O comprimento e o volume testiculares foram maiores (P < 0,05) nos meses de junho (11,1±0,8 cm; 652,7±138,0 cm3), julho (11,0±0,9 cm; 616,4±156,2 cm3) e setembro (11,8±0,8 cm; 692,4±141,3 cm3) que em outubro (9,4±1,2 cm; 498,5±154,3 cm3) e novembro (10,3±1,1cm; 560,0±111,8 cm3). A concentração espermática foi maior (P < 0,05) no mês de agosto (1265,0±436,8 x106sptz/mL) que nos meses de outubro, dezembro e janeiro (591,6±192,0; 627,5±314,4; 502,5±172,9 x106 sptz/mL, respectivamente). Não houve efeito da época do ano sobre a qualidade do sêmen fresco e congelado (motilidade, vigor, defeitos totais e integridade acrossomal) (P > 0,05). Conclui-se que touros Pantaneiros, na região do Distrito Federal, podem ser utilizados em programas de acasalamento natural em todas as épocas do ano. Visando ao enriquecimento do Banco Brasileiro de Germoplasma Animal com maior número de doses, sugere-se o congelamento do sêmen entre os meses de junho e agosto, embora este não apresente perda de qualidade nas diferentes épocas do ano.

Abstract The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of the season of the year on testicular morphology, fresh and frozen/thawed semen quality from Pantaneiro bulls bred in Brasilia, DF. Six bulls were submitted, once a month for one year, to evaluation of testicular measurements, semen collection using an artificial vagina and cryopreserved with medium containing Tris-based, egg yolk and glycerol. The testicular length and volume were greater (P < 0.05) in June (11.1±0.8 cm; 652.7±138.0 cm3), July (11.0±0.9 cm; 616.4±156.2 cm3), and September (11.8±0.8 cm; 692.4±141.3 cm3) than October (9.4±1.2 cm; 498.5±154.3 cm3) and November (10.3±1.1 cm; 560.0±111.8 cm3). The sperm concentration was greater (P<0.05) in August (1265.0±436.8 x106sperm/mL) than October, December and January (591.6±192.0, 627.5±314.4; 502.5±172.9 x106/mL). There was no effect of season on the quality of fresh and frozen semen (motility, vigor, total defects and acrosome integrity) (P > 0.05). In conclusion, Pantaneiro bulls, bred in the Midwest region of Brazil, can be used in natural mating programs in all seasons. Aiming to improve the Brazilian Animal Germplasm Bank with a higher number of samples collected, we suggest that the freezing of the semen is done between June and August, although there will be no losses of semen quality at any time.

The Pantanal hosts diverse wildlife species and therefore is a hotspot for arbovirus studies in South America. A serosurvey for Mayaro virus (MAYV), eastern (EEEV), western (WEEV) and Venezuelan (VEEV) equine encephalitis viruses was conducted with 237 sheep, 87 free-ranging caimans and 748 equids, including 37 collected from a ranch where a neurologic disorder outbreak had been recently reported. Sera were tested for specific viral antibodies using plaque-reduction neutralisation test. From a total of 748 equids, of which 264 were immunised with vaccine composed of EEEV and WEEV and 484 had no history of immunisation, 10 (1.3%) were seropositive for MAYV and two (0.3%) for VEEV using criteria of a ≥ 4-fold antibody titre difference. Among the 484 equids without history of immunisation, 48 (9.9%) were seropositive for EEEV and four (0.8%) for WEEV using the same criteria. Among the sheep, five were sero- positive for equine encephalitis alphaviruses, with one (0.4%) for EEEV, one (0.4%) for WEEV and three (1.3%) for VEEV. Regarding free-ranging caimans, one (1.1%) and three (3.4%), respectively, had low titres for neutralising antibodies to VEEV and undetermined alphaviruses. The neurological disorder outbreak could not be linked to the alphaviruses tested. Our findings represent strong evidence that MAYV and all equine encephalitis alphaviruses circulated in the Pantanal.

A identificação de parâmetros/ métricas associados à adaptação ambiental é uma das principais tendências e desafios da pecuária mundial. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características de tolerância ao calor de bovinos da raça Nelore e Pantaneiro no ecossistema do Pantanal matogrossense no pico de calor da região. Estes animais foram mantidos por duas horas à sombra (8:00h às 10:00h) e em seguida uma hora ao sol (10:00h às 11:00h). Após a exposição foram analisados parâmetros de frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR), temperatura retal (TR), temperatura superficial da costela (TSC), temperatura superficial do pescoço (TSP) e temperatura superficial da garupa (TSG). Também foram avaliados a taxa de sudação (TXS), comprimento e densidade de pelos e calculados o índice de tolerância ao calor (ITC). No período estudado, a temperatura ambiental variou de 29,0 a 40,0ºC e a média para umidade relativa foi de 75%. O ambiente teve influência marcante sobre as variáveis fisiológicas, com exceção da FR. A TR e a TXS diferiram significativamente entre os grupos genéticos, sendo da raça Nelore mais elevada em relação à Pantaneira, mas todas dentro dos limites fisiológicos. A análise multivariada mostrou a importância de variáveis como taxa de sudação e comprimento de pelos para adaptação de bovinos na região. Apesar do Nelore vermelho estar separado dos outros dois grupos, foi possível concluir que ambas as raças analisadas apresentaram capacidade de adaptação e tolerância ao calor às condições climáticas do Pantanal e podem ser produzidas de modo sustentável na região.

Identification of parameters/metrics associated with environmental adaptation is one of the main trends and challenges for livestock worldwide. Thus, this study was conducted at Nhumirim Farm, in Nhecolândia, Pantanal, during the month of February, period with highest ambient temperatures. We used five cattle of each genetic group (White Nelore, Red Nelore and Pantaneira) to evaluate characteristics related to heat tolerance. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), skin temperature (ST), sweating rate (SR), morphometric measurements, hair length (HL) and heat tolerance index (HTI) were evaluated. During the study the air temperature ranged from 29.0 to 40.0ºC and the average relative humidity was 75%. RT and ST were highest in White Nelore, followed by Red Nelore and Pantaneira. The average HTI value for the three groups was between 9 and 10, indicating high tolerance. The environment had considerable effect on physiological variables, except RR, RT and SR that significantly differed between genetic groups, with Nelore being higher than the Pantaneira, but all within physiological limits. Multivariate analysis showed the importance of variables such as sweating rate and hair length for the adaptation of cattle in the region. The red Nelore separated from the other two groups. We conclude, therefore, that both zebu (white and red Nelore) and European (Pantaneira) showed adaptability and heat tolerance to climatic conditions of the Pantanal.

Com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência da leucose enzoótica (LB) em bovinos Curraleiros, foram amostrados soros sanguíneos de um total de 1051 animais pertencentes a 11 rebanhos localizados nos Estados de Goiás e 12 em Tocantins. O diagnóstico sorológico de LB foi realizado pelo método de imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA). A taxa total de sororeagentes foi 21,1% (222/1051). Em Tocantins foram encontrados 27,8% (136/489) de sororreagentes, número significativamente maior que em Goiás, onde foram encontrados 15,3% (86/562). A sororreatividade foi maior em fêmeas que em machos, 23,3% (198/852) e 11,8% (23/195), respectivamente, e em animais com idade superior a 48 meses.

Aiming to verify bovine leukaemia (BL) occurrence in Curraleiro cattle breed, sera of 1051 animals were sampled from Goias (n=11) and Tocantins (n=12) states. BL serological diagnosis was performed by agar gel immunodiffusion method (AGID). The total occurrence rate was 21.1% (222/1051). In Tocantins it was 27.8% (136/489) occurrence was observed, higher value than in Goias, where 15.3% (86/562) occurrence was found. The serum reactivity was higher in females than in males, 23.3% (198/852) and 11.8% (23/195), respectively, and in animals older than 48 months old.

The objective of this study was to use morphometric and ultrasound evaluations to estimate the growth curve of the Pantaneiro cattle breed, raised in its natural habitat, aiming at the re-insertion of this breed in production systems. One hundred and three females, aging from months to 11 years, and raised on native pastures, were evaluated. The animals belonged to the Conservation Nucleus of Embrapa Pantanal, located in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). Weight, thoracic perimeter (TP), body length (BL), rump height (RH), height at withers (HW), hip height (HH), depth (DP), distance between the ilia (DI) (cm) and rib-eye area (REA) were measured. To relate the measurements with the age of the animals, the univariate regression model was used, assigning the variable response to gamma distribution. The Pearson correlation between variables was also estimated. The inflection point of the growth curve was 37 months for HH; between 38 and 39 months for TP and HW; between 40 and 41 months for DI, HH and DP; and 45 months for BL. The REA results could not fit in a statistical model. The majority of the variables presented a correlation above 60% among themselves, except for REA × Age, of 15.81%; REA × HW, of 34.44%; HH × Age, of 46.19; HH × DI, of 58.07%; REA × HH, of 24.57%; and REA × TP, of 39.9%. The cows showed maturity age at 40 months, which may have occurred because they were raised in natural farming conditions. In Pantaneiro cows reared in extensive systems only on natural pastures, the use of ultrasound is not effective to estimate the curve of muscular development, perhaps because this breed was not selected for weight gain.

Background: Hemovigilance is an organized system of surveillance throughout the transfusion chain intended to evaluate information in order to prevent the appearance or recurrence of adverse reactions related to the use of blood products. Objective: The aims of this study were to assess the late reporting of incidents related to possible seroconversion in respect to age, marital status and ethnical background, annual variations in late reporting, the number of reports opened and closed, seroconversion of donors and transfusions of blood products within the window period. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study used data on blood donations in the blood bank in Uberaba during the period from 2004 to 2011. Some socio-epidemiological characteristics of the donors and serology test results of donors and recipients were analyzed in respect to the late reporting of incidents related to possible seroconversion. The Chi-square test, odds ratio and a regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: From 2004 to 2011, the blood bank in Uberaba collected 117,857 blood bags, 284 (0.24%) of which were investigated for late reported incidents. The profile of the donors was less than 29 years old, unmarried and non-Whites. Differences in age (p-value < 0.0001), marital status (p-value = 0.0002) and ethnical background (p-value < 0.0001) were found to be statistically significant. There was no statistical difference between men and women (0.24% and 0.23% respectively; p-value = 0.951). The number of late reported incidents increased until 2008 followed by a downward trend until 2011. There were twelve cases of seroconversion in subsequent donations (seven human immunodeficiency virus, four hepatitis B and one hepatitis C) with proven human immunodeficiency virus infection after screening of only one recipient. Conclusion: The twelve cases of seroconversion in donors with subsequent infection proven in one recipient underscores the importance of this tool to increase transfusion safety.

A babesiose bovina é uma hemoparasitose causada, no Brasil, pelos protozoários B. bovis e B. bigemina, as quais apresentam como único vetor biológico o carrapato Boophilus microplus. Foram avaliadas amostras dos animais da Estação Experimental de Estudos de Bovinos Curraleiros (EEEC) colhidas nos anos de 2001 (n=117) e 2003 (n=113). A detecção de anticorpos anti-B. bovis e anti-B. bigemina foi realizada pelo ELISA-indireto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a soroepidemiologia da babesiose bovina em rebanho Curraleiro, obter informações sobre a situação da doença na população e relacionar os resultados obtidos com informações edafoclimáticas e de manejo disponíveis. A taxa de ocorrência em 2001 foi de 92,3% para B. bovis e de 83,8% para B. bigemina e, em 2003, foi de 92,9 e 66,4%, respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa na freqüência de soropositivos em relação à faixa etária no ano de 2003, ocorrendo uma diminuição com o avançar da idade. Sendo assim, foi possível concluir que, apesar das condições edafoclimáticas e do controle químico realizado no combate a ectoparasitas, os animais foram expostos à Babesia spp e encontravam-se em situação de estabilidade enzoótica para babesiose.

Bovine babesiosis is a blood parasitic disease. In Brazil it is caused by B. bovis and B. bigemina protozoa, both of which reveal the Boophilus microplus tick as the only biological vector. Animal samples were collected at Experimental Study Farm of Curraleiro Cattle (ESFC) in 2001 (n=117) and 2003 (n=113). The detection of antibodies against B. bovis and B. bigemina was carried out by ELISA-indirect method. This research was aimed at studing seroepidemiological aspects of bovine babesiosis in a Curraleiro herd, as well as obtain information about babesiosis stability in this population and relate the results with available climactic and management information. The occurrence rate of positive animals was 92.3% for B. bovis and 83.8% for B. bigemina in 2001; in 2003 it was 92.9% and 66.4%, respectively. There was a significant difference between seropositive frequency and age in 2003; such a frequency decreased with ageing. It was possible to conclude that despite environmental conditions and chemical controls against endo and ectoparasites, these animals were exposed to Babesia spp and they found themselves in a situation of enzootic stability for babesiosis.

Foram colhidas 426 amostras de hemossoro bovino, provenientes de vacas em lactação na microrregião de Goiânia-GO, e testadas pelo método de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) para detecção de aglutininas antileptospiras, para efetuar um estudo de prevalência. Paralelamente, foi realizado um questionário epidemiológico, contendo informações que pudessem fornecer dados sobre a epidemiologia da leptospirose nessa região. Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma prevalência de 81,90% de animais reagentes. Os principais sorovares envolvidos foram: wolffi (36,10%), icterohaemorrhagiae (20,50%), hardjo (5,20%) e tarassovi (4,90%). A presença de ratos e suínos, a utilização de inseminação artificial e o tipo de fonte de água não interferiram no número de animais reagentes no teste de SAM. A leptospirose tem um comportamento enzoótico nessa região.

With the aim of search the prevalence of anti-leptospiral antibodies, 426 sera samples were collected from dairy cattle in the microregion of Goiânia-GO, Brazil. Some questions were made about epidemiological and sanitary conditions characteristics of the farms to help us to understand the behavior of leptospirosis in this region. The prevalence was 81.90% and the serovars more involved were: wolffi (36.10%), icterohaemorrhagiae (20.50%), hardjo (5.20%) and tarassovi (4.90%). There were pigs and rats in the farms, but they did'nt interfer on positive animals number. This afirmative is also correct to artificial insemination and water supplying. The bovine leptospirosis had enzootic characteristics in this region.

Os grampos de metal foram empregados na dermorrafia de 50 vacas mestiças (Zebu/Holandês) de peso variado, com idade entre 18 e 60 meses após serem submetidas à descorna plástica. Os animais foram operados em diferentes propriedades rurais do Estado de Goiás, durante os anos de 1995 e 1996 e avaliados durante o pós-operatório. Quatro animais apresentaram exsudação serosa local, dois dias após a cirurgia; um animal desenvolveu sinusite unilateral e, em dois outros, houve deiscência da ferida. A técnica utilizada reduziu o tempo de cirurgia, facilitou a divulsão da pele e produziu hemostasia satisfatória. A aplicação dos grampos foi rápida e fácil, e a cicatrização satisfatória.

Metal clamps were used in dermal suture of fifty crossbred cattle, of various weight, ranging from 1.5 to 5 years of age; after esthetic dehorning. The animals were operated on differents farms from Goiás State, Brazil, during 1995 and 1996 and evaluated after surgery. Four animals showed serous exudation two days after surgery. One animal had unilateral sinusitis and in other three there were wound dehiscence. The technique proposed was fast; skin divulsion was easier, there was a good hemostasy and cicatrization was esthetic. Metal suture is fast and easily applied.